Thang Long Imperial Citadel entrance and exit walls.
The Imperial Citadel with its palaces was built in the 11th century by the Vietnamese Ly Dynasty, marking the independence of the Dia Viet. It was constructed on the remains of a Chinese fortress dating from the 7th century, on drained land reclaimed from the Red River Delta in Hanoi.
Thang Long – Hanoi Citadel has been the centre of military affairs in the capital for more than 1300 years. It was here that North Vietnam’s military commanders planned their successful campaign for the reunification of Vietnam, against US backed, South Vietnamese forces.
Archaeological excavations in 2003 uncovered a treasure trove of citadel remains including foundations of ancient palaces and thousands of artifacts.
Northern Gate of the Citadel.
Plaque at Gate.
Celebrating Vietnam 1010 - 2000
Flag Tower and part of the Citadel, yet built much later, between 1805 - 1812
It is composed of three platforms and a tower. The words Nghenh Huc, meaning "to welcome dawn's sunlight," are inscribed on the eastern door. The western door bears the two words Hoi Quang, meaning "to reflect light," and the southern door, Huong Minh, meaning "directed to the sunlight."
The tower receives sunlight through 36 flower-shaped and six fan-shaped windows.
Retaining wall to main railway line built during the French occupation.
Main railway line through the city near the Citadel walls
Lovely wide tree lined avenue, grand colonial era houses – Phan Dinh Phung - road
Phan Dinh Phung - sadly not occupied by ordinary Hanoi people.
Hanoi Botanic Gardens. Not large, very similar to the one in Saigon.
Neglected ‘orchid garden’ Only animals apart from rats!
Serious chess game, seen where ever we went in Vietnam.
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